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 'Fast Field Echo' 
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MRI Resources 
Process Analysis - PACS - Jobs - Image Quality - Patient Information - MR Guided Interventions
 
O-SCAN™InfoSheet: - Devices -
Intro, 
Types of Magnets, 
Overview, 
etc.
 
www.fonar.com/standup.htm www.fonar.com/standup.htm O-scan is manufactured and distributed by Esaote SpA
O-scan is a compact, dedicated extremity MRI system designed for easy installation and high throughput. The complete system fits in a 9' x 10' room, doesn't need for RF or magnetic shielding and it plugs in the wall. The 0.31T permanent magnet along with dual phased array RF coils, and advanced imaging protocols provide outstanding image quality and fast 25 minute complete examinations.
Esaote North America is the exclusive distributor of the O-scan system in the USA.
Device Information and Specification
CLINICAL APPLICATION
Dedicated Extremity
CONFIGURATION
Closed
Dual phased array knee, hand, foot//ankle/elbow
PULSE SEQUENCES
SE, HSE, HFE, GE, 2dGE, ME, IR, STIR, Stir T2, GESTIR, TSE, TME, FSE STIR, FSE (T1, T2), X-Bone, Turbo 3DT1, 3D SHARC, 3D SST1, 3D SST2
IMAGING MODES
2D, 3D multi-plane, half echo, half scan, real time
TR
10 - 10,000 msec.
TE
6 - 220 msec.
SINGLE SLICE
0.1 sec.
MULTI SLICE
0.1 sec.
14 cm
2D: 2mm - 10 mm, 3D: 0.6 - 10 mm
MEASURING MATRIX
512 x 512 max.
PIXEL INTENSITY
4,096 grey levels
MAGNET TYPE
Permanent - NdFeB
MAGNET WEIGHT
2,733 lbs
POWER REQUIREMENTS
100/110/200/220/230/240
STRENGTH
20 mT/m
5 GAUSS FRINGE FIELD, radial/axial
67 cm / 75 cm
passive
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MRI Resources 
Education - MR Myelography - Used and Refurbished MRI Equipment - MRI Centers - MRI Physics - MRI Technician and Technologist Jobs
 
Echo Planar ImagingInfoSheet: - Sequences - 
Intro, 
Overview, 
Types of, 
etc.MRI Resource Directory:
 - Sequences -
 
Echo Planar Imaging Timing Diagram (EPI) Echo planar imaging is one of the early magnetic resonance imaging sequences (also known as Intascan), used in applications like diffusion, perfusion, and functional magnetic resonance imaging. Other sequences acquire one k-space line at each phase encoding step. When the echo planar imaging acquisition strategy is used, the complete image is formed from a single data sample (all k-space lines are measured in one repetition time) of a gradient echo or spin echo sequence (see single shot technique) with an acquisition time of about 20 to 100 ms. The pulse sequence timing diagram illustrates an echo planar imaging sequence from spin echo type with eight echo train pulses. (See also Pulse Sequence Timing Diagram, for a description of the components.)
In case of a gradient echo based EPI sequence the initial part is very similar to a standard gradient echo sequence. By periodically fast reversing the readout or frequency encoding gradient, a train of echoes is generated.
EPI requires higher performance from the MRI scanner like much larger gradient amplitudes. The scan time is dependent on the spatial resolution required, the strength of the applied gradient fields and the time the machine needs to ramp the gradients.
In EPI, there is water fat shift in the phase encoding direction due to phase accumulations. To minimize water fat shift (WFS) in the phase direction fat suppression and a wide bandwidth (BW) are selected. On a typical EPI sequence, there is virtually no time at all for the flat top of the gradient waveform. The problem is solved by "ramp sampling" through most of the rise and fall time to improve image resolution.
The benefits of the fast imaging time are not without cost. EPI is relatively demanding on the scanner hardware, in particular on gradient strengths, gradient switching times, and receiver bandwidth. In addition, EPI is extremely sensitive to image artifacts and distortions.
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• View the DATABASE results for 'Echo Planar Imaging' (19).Open this link in a new window


• View the NEWS results for 'Echo Planar Imaging' (1).Open this link in a new window.
 
Further Reading:
  Basics:
New Imaging Method Makes Brain Scans 7 Times Faster
Sunday, 9 January 2011   by www.dailytech.com    
MRI Resources 
IR - Journals - Bioinformatics - Portals - Stent - Spectroscopy
 
Virgo™InfoSheet: - Devices -
Intro, 
Types of Magnets, 
Overview, 
etc.MRI Resource Directory:
 - Devices -
 
www.canamglobal.com/mri/virgomri.html From Millennium Technology Inc. This open C-shaped MRI system eases patient comfort and technologist maneuverability. This low cost scanner is build for a wide range of applications. The Virgo™ patient table is detachable and moves on easy rolling castors. Able to accommodate patient weights up to 160 kg, the tabletop has a range of motion of 30 cm in the lateral direction and 90cm in the longitudinal direction. Images generated with this scanner can only be viewed (without data loss) on Millennium's proprietary viewing software.
Device Information and Specification
CLINICAL APPLICATION
Whole body
CONFIGURATION
C shaped
SYNCHRONIZATION
Standard cardiac gating, ECG/peripheral, respiratory gating
PULSE SEQUENCES
2D Spin Echo (single and multi-echo), 2D Inversion Recovery, 2D Sequential and 3D Volume Gradient Echo, 2D and 3D Spoiled Gradient Echo
IMAGING MODES
Localizer, single slice, multislice, volume, fast, POMP, multi slab, cine, slice and frequency zip, extended dynamic range, tailored RF
TR
steps of 1 msec
TE
steps of 1 msec
SINGLE/MULTI SLICE
Simultaneous scan and reconstruction;; 100 images/second reconstruction
400 mm
2D : 2 mm; 3D : 0.5 mm
MEASURING MATRIX
512x512
PIXEL INTENSITY
256 gray levels
MAGNET TYPE
Permanent
BORE DIAMETER
or Vertical Gap
44 cm
STRENGTH
15 mT/m
5-GAUSS FRINGE FIELD
3 m/3 m
Passive
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MRI Resources 
Implant and Prosthesis pool - Raman Spectroscopy - Portals - Brain MRI - Movies - Software
 
Signa Infinity 1.5T™ with ExciteInfoSheet: - Devices -
Intro, 
Types of Magnets, 
Overview, 
etc.MRI Resource Directory:
 - Devices -
 
www.gehealthcare.com/usen/mr/s_excite15/index.html From GE Healthcare;
'EXCITE technology has the potential to open the door to new imaging techniques and clinical applications, leaping beyond conventional two and three-dimensional MRI to true 4D imaging that will improve the diagnosis of disease throughout the human body from head to foot.' Robert R. Edelman, M.D., Professor of Radiology at Northwestern University Medical School and Chairman, Department of Radiology, at Evanston Northwestern Healthcare.
Device Information and Specification
CLINICAL APPLICATION
Whole body
CONFIGURATION
Short bore
Head and body coil standard; all other coils optional; open architecture makes system compatible with a wide selection of coils
Optional 2D/3D brain and prostate
SYNCHRONIZATION
ECG/peripheral, respiratory gating, (SmartPrep, SmartStep)
PULSE SEQUENCES
Standard: SE, IR, 2D/3D GRE and SPGR, Angiography: 2D/3D TOF, 2D/3D Phase Contrast;; 2D/3D FSE, 2D/3D FGRE and FSPGR, SSFP, FLAIR, EPI, optional: 2D/3D Fiesta, FGRET, Spiral, Tensor
IMAGING MODES
Localizer, single slice, multislice, volume, fast, POMP, multi slab, cine
TR
1.3 to 12000 msec in increments of 1 msec
TE
0.4 to 2000 msec in increments of 1 msec
SINGLE/MULTI SLICE
Simultaneous scan and reconstruction;; up to 200 or 400 images per second
1 cm to 48 cm continuous
2D 0.7 mm to 20 mm; 3D 0.1 mm to 5 mm
1028 x 1024
MEASURING MATRIX
128x512 steps 32 phase encode
PIXEL INTENSITY
256 gray levels
0.08 mm; 0.02 mm optional
MAGNET WEIGHT
3863 kg
H*W*D
172 x 208 x 216 cm
POWER REQUIREMENTS
480 or 380/415
COOLING SYSTEM TYPE
Closed-loop water-cooled gradient
CRYOGEN USE, L/hr
less than 0.03 L/hr liquid helium
STRENGTH
SmartSpeed 23 mT/m, HiSpeed Plus 33 mT/m, EchoSpeed Plus 33 mT/m
5-GAUSS FRINGE FIELD
4.0 m x 2.8 m axial x radial
Active
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• View the DATABASE results for 'Signa Infinity 1.5T™ with Excite' (2).Open this link in a new window

MRI Resources 
Functional MRI - Artifacts - Spectroscopy pool - Contrast Agents - Universities - Abdominal Imaging
 
Signa HDx 3.0T™InfoSheet: - Devices -
Intro, 
Types of Magnets, 
Overview, 
etc.
 
gehealthcare.com/euen/mri/products/signa-hdx-3t/index.html From GE Healthcare;
The Signa HDx MRI system is GE's leading edge whole body magnetic resonance scanner designed to support high resolution, high signal to noise ratio, and short scan times.
Signa HDx 3.0T offers new technologies like ultra-fast image reconstruction through the new XVRE recon engine, advancements in parallel imaging algorithms and the broadest range of premium applications. The HD applications, PROPELLER (high-quality brain imaging extremely resistant to motion artifacts), TRICKS (contrast-enhanced angiographic vascular lower leg imaging), VIBRANT (for breast MRI), LAVA (high resolution liver imaging with shorter breath holds and better organ coverage) and MR Echo (high-definition cardiac images in real time) offer unique capabilities.
Device Information and Specification
CLINICAL APPLICATION
Whole body
CONFIGURATION
Compact short bore
Head and body coil, T/R quadrature head; optional coils e.g., T/R phased array extremity abdomen, spine, breast, knee, shoulder, cardiac imaging coils
SYNCHRONIZATION
ECG/peripheral, respiratory gating
PULSE SEQUENCES
SE, IR, 2D/3D GRE, RF-spoiled GRE, 2DFGRE, 2DFSPGR, 3DFGRE, 3DFSPGR, 3DTOFGRE, 3DFSPGR, 2DFSE, 2DFSE-XL, 2DFSE-IR, T1-FLAIR, SSFSE, EPI, DW-EPI, BRAVO, Angiography: 2D/3D TOF, 2D/3D phase contrast vascular
IMAGING MODES
Single, multislice, volume study, fast scan, multi slab, cine, localizer
1 cm to 40 cm continuous
2D 0.5 mm; 3D 0.1 mm
1024 x 1024
PIXEL INTENSITY
256 gray levels
60 cm
MAGNET WEIGHT
12000 kg
H*W*D
240 x 2216,6 x 201,6 cm
POWER REQUIREMENTS
480 or 380/415, 3 phase ||
COOLING SYSTEM TYPE
Closed-loop water-cooled grad.
0.03 L/hr helium
STRENGTH
23 - 50 mT/m
80 - 150 mT/m/ms
5-GAUSS FRINGE FIELD
2.8 m / 5.0 m
second and high order
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MRI Resources 
Libraries - Journals - Universities - Knee MRI - Liver Imaging - Software
 
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MRI is trending to low field magnets :
reduced costs will lead to this change 
AI will close the gap to high field 
only in remote areas 
is only temporary 
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