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Magnetic Gradient
 
One of three linear magnetization waveforms superimposed on the main magnetic field at specific times within a pulse sequence to select the imaging region or provide necessary spatial localization information. A magnetic gradient is defined as the amount and direction of the linear rate of change of the magnetic field in space.
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Magnetic fields drive drug-loaded nanoparticles to reduce blood vessel blockages in an animal study
Monday, 19 April 2010   by www.eurekalert.org    
Active Noise Control of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scanner Using Inverse Modeling Technique
Monday, 19 April 2010   by www.acoustics.org    
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Fast Field EchoInfoSheet: - Sequences - 
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(FFE) An echo signal generated from a FID by means of a bipolar switched magnetic gradient. The preparation module of the pulse sequence consists of an excitation pulse. The magnetization tilts by a flip angle between 0° and 90°.

See Gradient Echo Sequence and Refocused Gradient Echo Sequence.
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Sequence for Philips(.pdf)
   by www.droid.cuhk.edu.hk    
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Frequency Encoding Gradient
 
(Gf) A frequency encoding gradient produces a magnetic gradient field present during MR signal acquisition to encode signals into different frequencies, depending on their position toward the gradient.
Also called readout gradient.
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Magnetic resonance imaging
   by www.scholarpedia.org    
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BIOPAC Systems, Inc. Announces MRI Gradient Artifact Removal Tools for ECG and EMG Data
Tuesday, 10 February 2009   by www.biospace.com    
Improved shim method based on the minimization of the maximum off-resonance frequency for balanced SSFP
Monday, 1 June 2009   by www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov    
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Gradient EchoForum -
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(GE) An echo signal generated from a free induction decay by means of a bipolar switched magnetic gradient. The echo is produced by reversing the direction of a magnetic field gradient or by applying balanced pulses of magnetic field gradient before and after a refocusing RF pulse so as to cancel out the position dependent phase shifts that have accumulated due to the gradient.
In the latter case, the gradient echo is generally adjusted to be coincident with the RF spin echo. When the RF and gradient echoes are not coincident, the time of the gradient echo is denoted echo time (TE) and the difference in time between the echoes is denoted time difference (TD).
Gradient echo does not refocus the effects of main field inhomogeneity and therefore is generally used with a short echo time. Disadvantages of gradient echo imaging are compromised anatomic details and artifacts in regions with varying susceptibility e.g. between the air-containing sinuses and brain and especially between haemorrhages and normal tissue.

See also Susceptibility Artifact.
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Further Reading:
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Mapping of low flip angles in magnetic resonance(.pdf)
Saturday, 1 January 2011   by www.hal.inserm.fr    
A LANTHANIDE LANTHOLOGY(.pdf)
   by www.phy.davidson.edu    
Enhanced Fast GRadient Echo 3-Dimensional (efgre3D) or THRIVE
   by www.mri.tju.edu    
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Rephasing
 
The process of returning out of phase magnetic moments back into phase coherence. Caused either by rapidly reversing a magnetic gradient (Field Echo) or by applying a 180° RF pulse (Spin Echo). In the spin echo pulse sequence this action effectively cancels out the spurious T2* information from the signal.

See also Spin Echo Sequence and Gradient Echo Sequence.
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