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Gradient Motion Rephasing
 
(GMR) The application of strategic gradient pulses can compensate the objectionable spin phase effects of flow motion. That means the reducing of flow effects, e.g. gradient moment nulling of the first order of flow. The simplest velocity-compensated pulse sequence is the symmetrical second echo of a spin echo pulse sequence.
Gradient field changes can be configured in such a way that during an echo the magnetization signal vectors for all pixels have zero phase angle independent of velocities, accelerations etc. of the measured tissue. E.g. the adjustment to zero at the time TE of the net moments of the amplitude of the waveform of the magnetic field gradients with time. The zeroth moment is the area under the curve, the first moment is the 'center of gravity' etc. The aim is to minimize the phase shifts acquired by the transverse magnetization of excited nuclei moving along the gradients (including the effect of refocusing RF pulses), particularly for the reduction of image artifacts due to motion.
Also called Flow Compensation (FC), Motion Artifact Suppression Technique (MAST), Flow motion compression (STILL), Gradient Rephasing (GR), Shimadzu Motion Artifact Reduction Technique (SMART).
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Motion Compensation in MR Imaging
   by ccn.ucla.edu    
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Multiplanar Gradient EchoInfoSheet: - Sequences - 
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(MPGE) GE sequence, with a multislice acquisition in one TR.
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Mapping of low flip angles in magnetic resonance(.pdf)
Saturday, 1 January 2011   by www.hal.inserm.fr    
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Spoiled Gradient RecalledInfoSheet: - Sequences - 
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(SPGR) The SPGR pulse sequence is similar to the spoiled GRASS sequence. The spoiled gradient recalled (SPGR) acquisition in steady state uses semi-random changes in the phase of the radio frequency (RF) pulses to produce a spatially independent phase shift.

See also Spoiled Gradient Echo Sequence and Gradient Recalled Acquisition in Steady State (GRASS).
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• View the DATABASE results for 'Spoiled Gradient Recalled' (2).Open this link in a new window

 
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Comparison of New Methods for Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Articular Cartilage(.pdf)
2002
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Fast Spoiled Gradient EchoInfoSheet: - Sequences - 
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3-D VOLUMETRIC IMAGING FOR STEREOTACTIC LESIONAL AND DEEP BRAIN STIMULATION SURGERY
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