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Result : Searchterm 'Cine' found in 5 terms [] and 52 definitions []
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News  (103)  Resources  (80)  Forum  (12)  
 
Medical Imaging
 
The definition of imaging is the visual representation of an object. Medical imaging began after the discovery of x-rays by Konrad Roentgen 1896. The first fifty years of radiological imaging, pictures have been created by focusing x-rays on the examined body part and direct depiction onto a single piece of film inside a special cassette. The next development involved the use of fluorescent screens and special glasses to see x-ray images in real time.
A major development was the application of contrast agents for a better image contrast and organ visualization. In the 1950s, first nuclear medicine studies showed the up-take of very low-level radioactive chemicals in organs, using special gamma cameras. This medical imaging technology allows information of biologic processes in vivo. Today, PET and SPECT play an important role in both clinical research and diagnosis of biochemical and physiologic processes. In 1955, the first x-ray image intensifier allowed the pick up and display of x-ray movies.
In the 1960s, the principals of sonar were applied to diagnostic imaging. Ultrasonic waves generated by a quartz crystal are reflected at the interfaces between different tissues, received by the ultrasound machine, and turned into pictures with the use of computers and reconstruction software. Ultrasound imaging is an important diagnostic tool, and there are great opportunities for its further development. Looking into the future, the grand challenges include targeted contrast agents, real-time 3D ultrasound imaging, and molecular imaging.
Digital imaging techniques were implemented in the 1970s into conventional fluoroscopic image intensifier and by Godfrey Hounsfield with the first computed tomography. Digital images are electronic snapshots sampled and mapped as a grid of dots or pixels. The introduction of x-ray CT revolutionised medical imaging with cross sectional images of the human body and high contrast between different types of soft tissue. These developments were made possible by analog to digital converters and computers. The multislice spiral CT technology has expands the clinical applications dramatically.
The first MRI devices were tested on clinical patients in 1980. The spread of CT machines is the spur to the rapid development of MRI imaging and the introduction of tomographic imaging techniques into diagnostic nuclear medicine. With technological improvements including higher field strength, more open MRI magnets, faster gradient systems, and novel data-acquisition techniques, MRI is a real-time interactive imaging modality that provides both detailed structural and functional information of the body.
Today, imaging in medicine has advanced to a stage that was inconceivable 100 years ago, with growing medical imaging modalities:
Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)
Positron emission tomography (PET)

All this type of scans are an integral part of modern healthcare. Because of the rapid development of digital imaging modalities, the increasing need for an efficient management leads to the widening of radiology information systems (RIS) and archival of images in digital form in picture archiving and communication systems (PACS). In telemedicine, healthcare professionals are linked over a computer network. Using cutting-edge computing and communications technologies, in videoconferences, where audio and visual images are transmitted in real time, medical images of MRI scans, x-ray examinations, CT scans and other pictures are shareable.
See also Hybrid Imaging.

See also the related poll results: 'In 2010 your scanner will probably work with a field strength of', 'MRI will have replaced 50% of x-ray exams by'
Radiology-tip.comradDiagnostic Imaging
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Further Reading:
  Basics:
Image Characteristics and Quality
   by www.sprawls.org    
Multimodal Nanoparticles for Quantitative Imaging(.pdf)
Tuesday, 13 December 2011   by alexandria.tue.nl    
Medical imaging shows cost control problem
Tuesday, 6 November 2012   by www.mysanantonio.com    
  News & More:
iMPI: An Exploration of Post-Launch Advancements
Friday, 29 September 2023   by www.diagnosticimaging.com    
Advances in medical imaging enable visualization of white matter tracts in fetuses
Wednesday, 12 May 2021   by www.eurekalert.or    
Positron Emission Tomographic Imaging in Stroke
Monday, 28 December 2015   by www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov    
Multiparametric MRI for Detecting Prostate Cancer
Wednesday, 17 December 2014   by www.onclive.com    
Combination of MRI and PET imaging techniques can prevent second breast biopsy
Sunday, 29 June 2014   by www.news-medical.net    
3D-DOCTOR Tutorial
   by www.ablesw.com    
Searchterm 'Cine' was also found in the following services: 
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Radiology  (35) Open this link in a new windowUltrasound  (56) Open this link in a new window
Elscint Ltd.MRI Resource Directory:
 - Manufacturers -
 
Founded in 1969, Elscint is headquartered in Haifa, Israel. Elscint developed advanced computerized imaging systems in Computed Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Nuclear Medicine (NM) and Mammography (MAM) for international markets.
In November 1998, General Electric Medical Systems (GEMS) acquired the Nuclear Medicine and MRI divisions of Elscint, including an unique MRI gradient system concept and technology (twin gradient system).
Elscint Ltd. signs definitive agreement to sell its Nuclear Medicine and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Businesses for $100 Million. Elscint's shareholders approved the sale of its NM, and MRI division to GE (now GE Healthcare). Picker International acquires the Computed Tomography Division of Elscint Ltd. in the same year.

See also Marconi Medical Systems.
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Further Reading:
  Basics:
Elscint's Shareholders Approved The Sale of its NM, MRI and CT Division To GE and Picker
Monday, 23 November 1998   by www.prnewswire.com    
  News & More:
Twin Gradient Technology - Potential Advantages For Diffusion Weighted MRI(.pdf)
   by www.paulrharvey.co.uk    
MRI Resources 
Cochlear Implant - Breast MRI - PACS - Collections - Coils - Stimulator pool
 
Drug Development and Approval Process (USA)
 
Different stages of the drug development and approval process in the USA, lead from preclinical trials (testing in animals), first application in humans through limited and broad clinical tests, to postmarketing studies.
Drug Development and Approval Process (USA)
By Dale E. Wierenga, Ph.D. and C. Robert Eaton
Office of Research and Development
Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association

'In reviewing this report, it is important to keep in mind the realities of the drug discovery and development process. The U.S. system of new drug approvals is perhaps the most rigorous in the world. On average, it costs a company $359 million to get one new medicine from the laboratory to the pharmacist's shelf, according to a February 1993 report by the Congressional Office of Technology Assessment.'

See also Phase 1 2 3 4 Drug Trials, Food and Drug Administration, and European Medicines Agency.
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Searchterm 'Cine' was also found in the following services: 
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News  (103)  Resources  (80)  Forum  (12)  
 
ARTOSCAN™ - MInfoSheet: - Devices -
Intro, 
Types of Magnets, 
Overview, 
etc.MRI Resource Directory:
 - Devices -
 
www.gemedicalsystems.com/rad/mri/products/artoscan/specs.html Developed by GE Lunar; the ARTOSCAN™-M is designed specifically for in-office musculoskeletal imaging. ARTOSCAN-M's compact, modular design allows placing within a clinical environment, bringing MRI to the patient. Patients remain outside the magnet at all times during the examinations, enabling constant patient-technologist contact. ARTOSCAN-M requires no special RF room, magnetic shielding, special power supply or air conditioning.
The C-SCAN™ (also known as Artoscan C) is developed from the ARTOSCAN™ - M, with a new computer platform.
Device Information and Specification
CLINICAL APPLICATION
Dedicated extremity
CONFIGURATION
Closed
Linear and dual phased array coil, knee, ankle, wrist coils
PULSE SEQUENCES
SE, GE, IR, STIR, FSE, 3D CE, GE-STIR, 3D GE, ME, TME, HSE
IMAGING MODES
Single, multislice, volume study, fast scan, multi slab, cine
TR
12 - 5,000 msec
TE
5 - 220 msec
SINGLE SLICE
0.8 sec/image
MULTISLICE
0.8 sec/image
FOV
10 - 20 cm
SLICE THICKNESS
2D: 2 mm - 10 mm;
3D: 0.6 mm - 10 mm
512 x 512
MEASURING MATRIX
256 x 256 maximum
PIXEL INTENSITY
4,096 gray lvls, 256 lvls in 3D
MAGNET TYPE
Ferrite Permanent
MAGNET WEIGHT
965 kg
POWER REQUIREMENTS
100/110/200/220/230/240V
STRENGTH
10 mT/m
5 GAUSS FRINGE FIELD, radial/axial
28 cm/60 cm
Passive
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Searchterm 'Cine' was also found in the following services: 
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Amersham plcMRI Resource Directory:
 - Manufacturers -
 
www.amersham.com [This entry is marked for removal.]

GE Medical Systems and Amersham announced in April 2004 the completion of a share exchange acquisition of Amersham Health by GE. The result of this acquisition is the new GE Healthcare, based in the UK, totally owned by General Electric (GE).

Amersham plc, was a producer of contrast imaging agents used to enhance image quality in X-ray, magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasound procedures. It was also a leading producer of radiopharmaceuticals used in nuclear medicine imaging. Amersham Health was the firm's imaging, diagnostics, and therapeutics segment. Amersham plc was involved in biotechnology research through its Amersham Biosciences unit, which made scanners, sequencers, microarrays, industrial separations, and other research supplies.
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Further Reading:
  News & More:
Recommended Share Exchange Acquisition by General Electric Company and GE Investments, Inc. of Amersham plc
Friday, 10 October 2003   by www.evaluatepharma.com    
MRI Resources 
Patient Information - MR Myelography - Case Studies - Artifacts - Liver Imaging - Most Wanted
 
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MRI is trending to low field magnets :
reduced costs will lead to this change 
AI will close the gap to high field 
only in remote areas 
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