(REST - regional saturation technique / SAT - saturation/ Pre-Sat / spatial Pre-Sat) A specialized technique employing repeated RF excitation of structures adjacent to the ROI for the purpose of reducing or eliminating their phase effect artifacts. This presaturation can be performed on both sides parallel or perpendicular to the slice. Vascular ghosting is eliminated by saturation areas parallel (outside) to the slice plane, because flowing blood produces almost no signal. The possibility of moving presaturation (moving REST / traveling SAT) makes sequence planning and scanning comfortable.

Primovist™ (U.S brand name Eovist®) is a highly specific MRI contrast agent for the imaging, detection and characterization of liver conditions, including liver tumors, cysts, as well as other malignant and benign lesions. It is a water-soluble ethoxybenzyl derivative of Gd-DTPA. This compound is taken up by the hepatocytes (approximately 30% of the dose goes to the hepatocytes) and is equally excreted renal and biliary in humans.
Primovist™ brightens the signal of T1 weighted MR images immediately after contrast administration. Dynamic scanning and imaging of the accumulation phase (best after 20 min.) can also be performed after bolus injection of Primovistâ„¢. The hepatocytes uptake will increase the signal intensity of normal liver parenchyma. This results in improved lesion-to-liver contrast because malignant tumors (metastases, the majority of hepatocellular carcinomas) do not contain either hepatocytes or their functioning is hampered.

WARNING: Gadolinium-based contrast agents increase the risk for nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) in patients with acute or chronic severe renal insufficiency (glomerular filtration rate less than 30 mL/min/1.73m²), or acute renal insufficiency of any severity due to the hepato-renal syndrome or in the perioperative liver transplantation period.

(PRESTO) PRESTO is a 3 dimensional ultrafast gradient echo sequence that combines the whole brain coverage with T2* weighted imaging. PRESTO is useful for BOLD and perfusion imaging studies. In combination with parallel imaging techniques, PRESTO provides higher temporal resolution and more coverage compared to traditional multi slice imaging. In addition, the sensitivity to susceptibility artifacts and flow phenomena is reduced, compared with EPI techniques, enabling MRI scans throughout the brain including the skull base.

See also T2 Star.

The portion of a MR spectrometer comprising the sample container and the RF coils, with some associated electronics. The RF coils may consist of separate receiver and transmitter coils in a crossed coil configuration, or, alternatively, a single coil to perform both functions.

Product detector or 'doubly balanced mixer (DBM)' is an electrical device to combine two signals. In MRI, used in the quadrature detector.