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 'T2 Weighted Image' 
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Result : Searchterm 'T2 Weighted Image' found in 1 term [] and 19 definitions []
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Apparent Diffusion CoefficientInfoSheet: - Artifacts - 
Case Studies, 
Reduction Index, 
etc.MRI Resource Directory:
 - Diffusion Weighted Imaging -
 
(ADC) A diffusion coefficient to differentiate T2 shine through effects or artifacts from real ischemic lesions. In the human brain, water diffusion is a three-dimensional process that is not truly random because the diffusional motion of water is impeded by natural barriers. These barriers are cell membranes, myelin sheaths, white matter fiber tracts, and protein molecules.
The apparent water diffusion coefficients can be calculated by acquiring two or more images with a different gradient duration and amplitude (b-values). The contrast in the ADC map depends on the spatially distributed diffusion coefficient of the acquired tissues and does not contain T1 and T2* values.
The increased sensitivity of diffusion-weighted MRI in detecting acute ischemia is thought to be the result of the water shift intracellularly restricting motion of water protons (cytotoxic edema), whereas the conventional T2 weighted images show signal alteration mostly as a result of vasogenic edema.
The reduced ADC value also could be the result of decreased temperature in the nonperfused tissues, loss of brain pulsations leading to a decrease in apparent proton motion, increased tissue osmolality associated with ischemia, or a combination of these factors. The lower ADC measurements seen with early ischemia, have not been fully established, however, a lower apparent ADC is a sensitive indicator of early ischemic brain at a stage when ischemic tissue remains potentially salvageable.

See also Diffusion Weighted Imaging and Diffusion Tensor Tractography.
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• Related Searches:
    • Diffusion Time
    • Magnetic Resonance Imaging MRI
    • Boltzmann Distribution
    • Diffusion Tensor Imaging
    • Diffusion Weighted Imaging
 
Further Reading:
  Basics:
Implementation of Dual-Source RF Excitation in 3 T MR-Scanners Allows for Nearly Identical ADC Values Compared to 1.5 T MR Scanners in the Abdomen
Wednesday, 29 February 2012   by www.plosone.org    
EVALUATION OF HUMAN STROKE BY MR IMAGING
2000
  News & More:
The utility of texture analysis of kidney MRI for evaluating renal dysfunction with multiclass classification model
Tuesday, 30 August 2022   by www.nature.com    
Diffusion-weighted MRI in Advanced Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: Apparent Diffusion Coefficient as a Response Marker
Tuesday, 1 October 2019   by pubs.rsna.org    
EORTC study aims to qualify ADC as predictive imaging biomarker in preoperative regimens
Monday, 4 January 2016   by www.eurekalert.org    
Novel MRI Technique Could Reduce Breast Biopsies, University of Washington Study
Tuesday, 2 October 2012   by www.eurekalert.org    
Hopkins researchers use diffusion MRI technique to monitor ultrasound uterine fibroid treatment
Monday, 8 August 2005   by www.eurekalert.org    
MRI Resources 
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Carr Purcell Meiboom Gill SequenceInfoSheet: - Sequences - 
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Overview, 
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etc.MRI Resource Directory:
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(CPMG) This type of spin echo pulse sequence consisting of a 90° radio frequency pulse followed by an echo train induced by successive 180° pulses and is useful for measuring T2 weighted images. It is a modification of the Carr-Purcell RF pulse sequence, with 90° phase shift in the rotating frame of reference between the 90° pulse and the subsequent 180° pulses in order to reduce accumulating effects of imperfections in the 180° pulses. Suppression of effects of pulse error accumulation can alternatively be achieved by switching phases of the 180° pulses by 180°.
 
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Further Reading:
  Basics:
Fast Spin Echo(.pdf)
Tuesday, 24 January 2006   by www.81bones.net    
Magnetic resonance imaging
   by www.scholarpedia.org    
  News & More:
Spin echoes, CPMG and T2 relaxation - Introductory NMR & MRI from Magritek
2013   by www.azom.com    
MRI Resources 
Manufacturers - Spine MRI - Services and Supplies - Safety Training - Sequences - Supplies
 
Combination Oral Contrast AgentsInfoSheet: - Contrast Agents - 
Intro, Overview, 
Characteristics, 
Types of, 
etc.MRI Resource Directory:
 - Contrast Agents -
 
Biphasic oral contrast agents may produce either high or low signal intensities depending on the pulse sequence used, for example low signal intensity on T1 weighted MR images and high signal intensity on T2 weighted images. The combination of different oral contrast agents can generate a macroscopic cancellation of negative and positive magnetic susceptibility, thereby eliminating susceptibility artifacts.
Possible combinations are e.g., ferric ammonium citrate and corn oil, or ferrous sulfate emulsified with baby formula. Paramagnetic agents combined with oil emulsion may be used in MRI as positive abdominal contrast agents. The combination of diamagnetic barium sulfate and superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) in one suspension may be a useful negative contrast agent.

See also Gastrointestinal Paramagnetic Contrast Agents, Gastrointestinal Superparamagnetic Contrast Agents, Gastrointestinal Diamagnetic Contrast Agents, Gastrointestinal Imaging.
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Further Reading:
  Basics:
Usefulness of MR Imaging for Diseases of the Small Intestine: Comparison with CT
2000   by www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov    
Searchterm 'T2 Weighted Image' was also found in the following services: 
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Double Contrast SequenceInfoSheet: - Sequences - 
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etc.
 
This sequence type is a TSE counterpart to double echo sequences. To keep the echo train as short as possible, only echoes for PD and T2 weighted images, where the phase encoding gradient has a small amplitude, are measured separately. The echoes that determine resolution are used in both raw data matrices. This reduces the number of echoes required. Also the SAR drops and more slices can be acquired in the same repetition time.
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Further Reading:
  Basics:
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF MR IMAGING
   by spinwarp.ucsd.edu    
MRI Resources 
Health - Implant and Prosthesis pool - Developers - Safety Training - Spine MRI - Jobs pool
 
Dual Echo SequenceInfoSheet: - Sequences - 
Intro, 
Overview, 
Types of, 
etc.
 
(DE - dual / double echo) Dual echo sequences include images with different weightings and / or echo times and are used to obtain both, proton density and T2 weighted images or in phase and out of phase gradient echo images, simultaneously without increasing the measurement time.
 
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Further Reading:
  Basics:
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF MR IMAGING
   by spinwarp.ucsd.edu    
MRI evaluation of fatty liver in day to day practice: Quantitative and qualitative methods
Wednesday, 3 September 2014   by www.sciencedirect.com    
  News & More:
Iron overload: accuracy of in-phase and out-of-phase MRI as a quick method to evaluate liver iron load in haematological malignancies and chronic liver disease
Friday, 1 June 2012   by www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov    
MRI Resources 
Contrast Agents - Jobs pool - Bioinformatics - Coils - IR - Cochlear Implant
 
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