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Signa HDx 3.0Tâ„¢InfoSheet: - Devices -
Intro, 
Types of Magnets, 
Overview, 
etc.
 
gehealthcare.com/euen/mri/products/signa-hdx-3t/index.html From GE Healthcare;
The Signa HDx MRI system is GE's leading edge whole body magnetic resonance scanner designed to support high resolution, high signal to noise ratio, and short scan times.
Signa HDx 3.0T offers new technologies like ultra-fast image reconstruction through the new XVRE recon engine, advancements in parallel imaging algorithms and the broadest range of premium applications. The HD applications, PROPELLER (high-quality brain imaging extremely resistant to motion artifacts), TRICKS (contrast-enhanced angiographic vascular lower leg imaging), VIBRANT (for breast MRI), LAVA (high resolution liver imaging with shorter breath holds and better organ coverage) and MR Echo (high-definition cardiac images in real time) offer unique capabilities.
Device Information and Specification
CLINICAL APPLICATION
Whole body
CONFIGURATION
Compact short bore
Head and body coil, T/R quadrature head; optional coils e.g., T/R phased array extremity abdomen, spine, breast, knee, shoulder, cardiac imaging coils
SYNCHRONIZATION
ECG/peripheral, respiratory gating
PULSE SEQUENCES
SE, IR, 2D/3D GRE, RF-spoiled GRE, 2DFGRE, 2DFSPGR, 3DFGRE, 3DFSPGR, 3DTOFGRE, 3DFSPGR, 2DFSE, 2DFSE-XL, 2DFSE-IR, T1-FLAIR, SSFSE, EPI, DW-EPI, BRAVO, Angiography: 2D/3D TOF, 2D/3D phase contrast vascular
IMAGING MODES
Single, multislice, volume study, fast scan, multi slab, cine, localizer
1 cm to 40 cm continuous
2D 0.5 mm; 3D 0.1 mm
1024 x 1024
PIXEL INTENSITY
256 gray levels
60 cm
MAGNET WEIGHT
12000 kg
H*W*D
240 x 2216,6 x 201,6 cm
POWER REQUIREMENTS
480 or 380/415, 3 phase ||
COOLING SYSTEM TYPE
Closed-loop water-cooled grad.
0.03 L/hr helium
STRENGTH
23 - 50 mT/m
80 - 150 mT/m/ms
5-GAUSS FRINGE FIELD
2.8 m / 5.0 m
second and high order
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MRI Resources 
Equipment - Intraoperative MRI - Pediatric and Fetal MRI - Spectroscopy pool - MRI Technician and Technologist Career - Blood Flow Imaging
 
Panorama 0.6TPanorama 0.2InfoSheet: - Devices -
Intro, 
Types of Magnets, 
Overview, 
etc.MRI Resource Directory:
 - Devices -
 
www.medical.philips.com/main/products/mri/products/panoramafamily/panorama0.23t_rt/features/ From Philips Medical Systems;
Panorama 0.6 T is the Philips Mid-Field Open MRI system. It is the most open MR scanner in the market, optimized for patient comfort and faster reconstruction time.
Device Information and Specification
CLINICAL APPLICATION
Whole body
CONFIGURATION
Open MRI/C-arm
Head, head-neck, extremity, neck, body/spine M-XL, shoulder, bilateral breast, wrist, TMJ, flex XS-S-M-L-XL-XXL
SYNCHRONIZATION
ECG/peripheral: Optional/yes, respiratory gating
PULSE SEQUENCES
SE, FE, IR, STIR, FFE, DEFFE, DESE, TSE, DETSE, Single shot SE, DRIVE, Balanced FFE, MRCP, Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery, Turbo FLAIR, IR-TSE, T1-STIR TSE, T2-STIR TSE, Diffusion Imaging, 3D SE, 3D FFE, Contrast Perfusion Analysis, MTC;; Angiography: CE-ANGIO, MRA 2D, 3D TOF
IMAGING MODES
Single, multislice, volume study, dynamic, SIMEX, multi chunk 3D, multiple stacks
TR
Min. 4.6 msec
TE
Min. 2.3 msec
SINGLE/MULTI SLICE
50 slices/sec
0.4 cm - 42 cm
1280 X 1024
MEASURING MATRIX
Up to 512 x 512
PIXEL INTENSITY
256 gray scale
MAGNET TYPE
Superconducting / iron core
Open x 47 cm x infinite (side-first patient entry)
MAGNET WEIGHT
38000 kg
H*W*D
254 x 244 x 325 cm
POWER REQUIREMENTS
400/480 V
COOLING SYSTEM TYPE
Liquid helium//air cool
0.00 L/hr helium
STRENGTH
20 mT/m
5-GAUSS FRINGE FIELD
2.4 m / 2.5 m
Passive/active
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• View the DATABASE results for 'Panorama 0.6T™' (2).Open this link in a new window

MRI Resources 
Crystallography - Research Labs - Lung Imaging - Jobs - Pacemaker - Fluorescence
 
Panorama 0.23Tâ„¢InfoSheet: - Devices -
Intro, 
Types of Magnets, 
Overview, 
etc.MRI Resource Directory:
 - Devices -
 
www.medical.philips.com/main/products/mri/products/panoramafamily/panorama0.23t_rt/features/ From Philips Medical Systems;
the Panorama 0.23 T, providing a new design optimized for patient comfort, faster reconstruction time than before (300 images/second) and new gradient specifications. Philips' Panorama 0.23 T I/T supports MR-guided interventions, resulting in minimally invasive procedures, more targeted surgery, reduced recovery time and shorter hospital stays. Optional OptoGuide functionality enables real-time needle tracking. Philips' Panorama 0.23 TPanorama 0.2 R/T is the first and only open MRI system to enable radiation therapy planning using MR data sets. The Panorama also features the new and consistent Philips User Interface, an essential element of the Vequion clinical IT family of products and services.
Device Information and Specification
CLINICAL APPLICATION
Whole body
CONFIGURATION
Open MRI/C-arm
Head, head-neck, extremity M-L, neck, body/spine S-XL, shoulder, bilateral breast, wrist, TMJ, flex XS-S-M-L-XL-XXL
SYNCHRONIZATION
ECG/peripheral: Optional/optional, respiratory gating
PULSE SEQUENCES
SE, FE, IR, FFE, DEFFE, DESE, TSE, DETSE, Single shot SE, DRIVE, Balanced FFE, MRCP, Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery, Turbo FLAIR, IR-TSE, T1-STIR TSE, T2-STIR TSE, Diffusion Imaging, 3D SE, 3D FFE, MTC;; Angiography: CE-ANGIO, MRA 2D, 3D TOF
IMAGING MODES
Single, multislice, volume study, dynamic, SIMEX, multi chunk 3D, multiple stacks
TR
Min. 6.2 msec
TE
Min. 2.8 msec
SINGLE/MULTI SLICE
50 slices/sec
0.4 cm - 40 cm
1280 X 1024
MEASURING MATRIX
Up to 512 x 512
PIXEL INTENSITY
256 gray scale
MAGNET TYPE
Resistive/iron core
Open x 46 cm x infinite (side-first patient entry)
MAGNET WEIGHT
13110 kg
H*W*D
196 x 121 x 176 cm
POWER REQUIREMENTS
400/480 V
COOLING SYSTEM TYPE
Closed loop chilled water (chiller included)
N/A
STRENGTH
19 mT/m
5-GAUSS FRINGE FIELD
2.4 m / 3.7 m
Passive/active
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• View the DATABASE results for 'Panorama 0.23T™' (2).Open this link in a new window

 
Further Reading:
  News & More:
Magnetic resonance imaging guided musculoskeletal interventions at 0.23T: Chapter 4. Materials and methods
2002
Searchterm 'T1 Time' was also found in the following services: 
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Inversion Recovery SequenceForum -
related threadsInfoSheet: - Sequences - 
Intro, 
Overview, 
Types of, 
etc.
 
Inversion Recovery Sequence Timing Diagram (IR) The inversion recovery pulse sequence produces signals, which represent the longitudinal magnetization existing after the application of a 180° radio frequency pulse that rotates the magnetization Mz into the negative plane. After an inversion time (TI - time between the starting 180° pulse and the following 90° pulse), a further 90° RF pulse tilts some or all of the z-magnetization into the xy-plane, where the signal is usually rephased with a 180° pulse as in the spin echo sequence. During the initial time period, various tissues relax with their intrinsic T1 relaxation time.
In the pulse sequence timing diagram, the basic inversion recovery sequence is illustrated. The 180° inversion pulse is attached prior to the 90° excitation pulse of a spin echo acquisition. See also the Pulse Sequence Timing Diagram. There you will find a description of the components.
The inversion recovery sequence has the advantage, that it can provide very strong contrast between tissues having different T1 relaxation times or to suppress tissues like fluid or fat. But the disadvantage is, that the additional inversion radio frequency RF pulse makes this sequence less time efficient than the other pulse sequences.

Contrast values:
PD weighted: TE: 10-20 ms, TR: 2000 ms, TI: 1800 ms
T1 weighted: TE: 10-20 ms, TR: 2000 ms, TI: 400-800 ms
T2 weighted: TE: 70 ms, TR: 2000 ms, TI: 400-800 ms

See also Inversion Recovery, Short T1 Inversion Recovery, Fluid Attenuation Inversion Recovery, and Acronyms for 'Inversion Recovery Sequence' from different manufacturers.
 
Images, Movies, Sliders:
 Brain MRI Inversion Recovery  Open this link in a new window
    
 Knee MRI Sagittal STIR 002  Open this link in a new window
 Brain MRI Coronal FLAIR 001  Open this link in a new window
    
 
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• View the DATABASE results for 'Inversion Recovery Sequence' (8).Open this link in a new window

 
Further Reading:
  Basics:
The equation for a repeated inversion recovery sequence
Contrast mechanisms in magnetic resonance imaging
2004   by www.iop.org    
  News & More:
FLAIR Vascular Hyperintensity: An Important MRI Marker in Patients with Transient Ischemic Attack
Thursday, 14 July 2022   by www.dovepress.com    
MRI Resources 
Liver Imaging - Mobile MRI - Crystallography - Journals - Sequences - MRI Technician and Technologist Schools
 
Gradient Echo SequenceForum -
related threadsInfoSheet: - Sequences - 
Intro, 
Overview, 
Types of, 
etc.
 
Gradient Echo Sequence Timing Diagram (GRE - sequence) A gradient echo is generated by using a pair of bipolar gradient pulses. In the pulse sequence timing diagram, the basic gradient echo sequence is illustrated. There is no refocusing 180° pulse and the data are sampled during a gradient echo, which is achieved by dephasing the spins with a negatively pulsed gradient before they are rephased by an opposite gradient with opposite polarity to generate the echo.
See also the Pulse Sequence Timing Diagram. There you will find a description of the components.
The excitation pulse is termed the alpha pulse α. It tilts the magnetization by a flip angle α, which is typically between 0° and 90°. With a small flip angle there is a reduction in the value of transverse magnetization that will affect subsequent RF pulses. The flip angle can also be slowly increased during data acquisition (variable flip angle: tilt optimized nonsaturation excitation). The data are not acquired in a steady state, where z-magnetization recovery and destruction by ad-pulses are balanced. However, the z-magnetization is used up by tilting a little more of the remaining z-magnetization into the xy-plane for each acquired imaging line.
Gradient echo imaging is typically accomplished by examining the FID, whereas the read gradient is turned on for localization of the signal in the readout direction. T2* is the characteristic decay time constant associated with the FID. The contrast and signal generated by a gradient echo depend on the size of the longitudinal magnetization and the flip angle. When α = 90° the sequence is identical to the so-called partial saturation or saturation recovery pulse sequence. In standard GRE imaging, this basic pulse sequence is repeated as many times as image lines have to be acquired. Additional gradients or radio frequency pulses are introduced with the aim to spoil to refocus the xy-magnetization at the moment when the spin system is subject to the next α pulse.
As a result of the short repetition time, the z-magnetization cannot fully recover and after a few initial α pulses there is an equilibrium established between z-magnetization recovery and z-magnetization reduction due to the α pulses.
Gradient echoes have a lower SAR, are more sensitive to field inhomogeneities and have a reduced crosstalk, so that a small or no slice gap can be used. In or out of phase imaging depending on the selected TE (and field strength of the magnet) is possible. As the flip angle is decreased, T1 weighting can be maintained by reducing the TR. T2* weighting can be minimized by keeping the TE as short as possible, but pure T2 weighting is not possible. By using a reduced flip angle, some of the magnetization value remains longitudinal (less time needed to achieve full recovery) and for a certain T1 and TR, there exist one flip angle that will give the most signal, known as the "Ernst angle".
Contrast values:
PD weighted: Small flip angle (no T1), long TR (no T1) and short TE (no T2*)
T1 weighted: Large flip angle (70°), short TR (less than 50ms) and short TE
T2* weighted: Small flip angle, some longer TR (100 ms) and long TE (20 ms)

Classification of GRE sequences can be made into four categories:
See also Gradient Recalled Echo Sequence, Spoiled Gradient Echo Sequence, Refocused Gradient Echo Sequence, Ultrafast Gradient Echo Sequence.
 
Images, Movies, Sliders:
 MRI Liver In Phase  Open this link in a new window
    
 MRI Liver Out Of Phase  Open this link in a new window
    
 MVP Parasternal  Open this link in a new window
 Breast MRI Images T1 Pre - Post Contrast  Open this link in a new window
 Circle of Willis, Time of Flight, MIP  Open this link in a new window
    
SlidersSliders Overview

 
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• View the DATABASE results for 'Gradient Echo Sequence' (70).Open this link in a new window

 
Further Reading:
  Basics:
Enhanced Fast GRadient Echo 3-Dimensional (efgre3D) or THRIVE
   by www.mri.tju.edu    
  News & More:
MRI evaluation of fatty liver in day to day practice: Quantitative and qualitative methods
Wednesday, 3 September 2014   by www.sciencedirect.com    
T1rho-prepared balanced gradient echo for rapid 3D T1rho MRI
Monday, 1 September 2008   by www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov    
MRI Resources 
Pathology - Health - Used and Refurbished MRI Equipment - Cardiovascular Imaging - Coils - Intraoperative MRI
 
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