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Neutron
 
An uncharged neutral particle located in the nucleus of most atoms, which serves as a stabilizer.
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Further Reading:
  Basics:
Particles Proton Neutron Decay
   by hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu    
  News & More:
Picture-Perfect Particles Enhance MRI Signal
Friday, 13 April 2012   by cen.acs.org    
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Radiology  (41) Open this link in a new window
SpinForum -
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The NMR, MRI relevant nuclear spin is the rotational movement of a subatomic particle (proton or neutron) around its axis. Whether a nucleus has an overall spin, depends on its amount of protons and neutrons. Nuclei with an identical number of protons and neutrons cancel out their overall spins. Nuclei with an odd number of protons or an odd number of neutrons or both have an overall spin. This spin is measured with a nuclear spin quantum number (I). The nuclear spin quantum number of a nuclei depends on the protons/neutrons which are not paired, and is a positive integer multiple of 0.5. 1H, 19F, 13C, 31P and 15N are examples of nuclei with an nuclear spin quantum number of 0.5, 2H and 14N have a nuclear spin quantum number of 1.

See also Spin Quantum Number.
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Further Reading:
  Basics:
How does the proton get its spin?
Wednesday, 17 February 2010   by www.physorg.com    
  News & More:
Physicists observe an exotic 'multiferroic' state in an atomically thin material
Wednesday, 23 February 2022   by www.sciencedaily.com    
Carbomap creates 'MRI scanner for forests'
Thursday, 22 August 2013   by www.scotsman.com    
Spin improves medical imaging
Tuesday, 25 November 2008   by www.theengineer.co.uk    
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Electron Spin Resonance
 
(ESR) Electron spin resonance is a spectroscopic technique to identify paramagnetic substances. This magnetic resonance phenomenon investigates the nature of the bonding within molecules by identifying unpaired electrons, e.g. in free radicals and their interaction with their immediate surroundings. The Larmor frequency are much higher than corresponding NMR frequencies in the same static magnetic field.
Nuclei with an odd number of neutrons and/or protons, because of their spin, react like tiny magnets and can be lined up in an applied magnetic field. Energy applied by alternating radio frequency radiation is absorbed when its frequency coincides with that of precession of the electron magnets. The spectrum of radiation absorbed as the field changes gives information valuable in chemistry, biology, and medicine since over 50 years.
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Further Reading:
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Electron Spin Resonance
   by hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu    
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After merging resources, chemist, retina surgeon see melanin's value in new light
Thursday, 18 August 2005   by chronicle.uchicago.edu    
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Isotope
 
Atomic nuclei that contain the same number of protons, but differ in the number of neutrons in the nucleus of the atom for the element concerned. For example, 1H, 2H, and 3H are the three isotopes of hydrogen, otherwise known as proton, deuterium, and tritium. Various isotopes have different nuclear magnetic moments and different resonant frequencies. Many isotopes have no magnetic moment and are therefore not observable by MR.

See also Isomer.
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Further Reading:
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The top 5 ways medical physics has changed health care
Thursday, 28 February 2008   by www.eurekalert.org    
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Radiology  (41) Open this link in a new window
Nuclear Spin
 
An intrinsic property of certain nuclei that gives them an associated characteristic angular momentum and magnetic moment also known as inherent spin (those with odd numbers of protons and/or neutrons in their nucleus). Nuclei that do not exhibit this characteristic will not produce a NMR signal.
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