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Result : Searchterm 'Gd-DTPA' found in 4 terms [] and 27 definitions []
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Searchterm 'Gd-DTPA' was also found in the following services: 
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GadoversetamideInfoSheet: - Contrast Agents - 
Intro, Overview, 
Characteristics, 
Types of, 
etc.
 
Short name: Gd-DTPA-BMEA, generic name: Gadoversetamide
A paramagnetic extracellular MRI contrast agent with positive enhancement. When placed in a magnetic field, gadoversetamide decreases T1 and T2 relaxation times in tissues where it accumulates. At the recommended dose, the effect is primarily on T1 relaxation time, and produces an increase in signal intensity (brightness).

See Contrast Agents and OptiMARK™.
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Further Reading:
  Basics:
OptiMARK® (gadoversetamide injection)
  News & More:
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF FOCAL LIVER LESIONS(.pdf)
2002
MRI Resources 
Health - Developers - Non-English - Movies - Cochlear Implant - PACS
 
Ionic Intravenous Contrast AgentsInfoSheet: - Contrast Agents - 
Intro, Overview, 
Characteristics, 
Types of, 
etc.MRI Resource Directory:
 - Contrast Agents -
 
Intravenous contrast agents used in MRI are distributed in the extracellular spaces of the body before being excreted. In this sense they are similar to iodinated X-ray contrast media. However, contrast agents used for MRI are quite different from conventional radiographic contrast media in structure and function and there is no known cross sensitivity between these types of contrast agents. Common MRI contrast agents use metal ions (e.g., gadolinium or manganese) complexed with organic molecules.
Gd-DTPA, an ionic linear molecule complex (gadopentetate dimeglumine) was the first marketed MRI contrast agent. Although the osmolality of this substances can be relatively high (up to 1940 mOsm/kg H2O) compared with plasma, adverse reactions and side effects are very rare. The used doses are smaller compared with radiographic contrast media.

See also Nonionic Intravenous Contrast Agents, Dotarem®, and Magnevist®.
 
Images, Movies, Sliders:
 Breast MRI Images T1 Pre - Post Contrast  Open this link in a new window
      
 
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Further Reading:
  Basics:
FDA Approves First Macrocyclic and Ionic Gadolinium-Contrast Agent for MRI
Friday, 22 March 2013   by www.itnonline.com    
  News & More:
Spurious Hypocalcemia After Omniscan- or OptiMARK-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging: An Algorithm for Minimizing a False-Positive Laboratory Value
   by arpa.allenpress.com    
MRI Resources 
Cardiovascular Imaging - Pacemaker - Musculoskeletal and Joint MRI - Homepages - Services and Supplies - Education pool
 
LiposomesInfoSheet: - Contrast Agents - 
Intro, Overview, 
Characteristics, 
Types of, 
etc.
 
Generic name: Liposomes, central moiety: different, contrast effect: paramagnetic, distribution: different
Liposomes are lipid containing nanoparticles, or fat molecules, surrounding a water core. Liposomes were the first type of nanoparticles created to be used as carriers for lipophilic MRI contrast agents with novel characteristics.
Liposomes loaded with gadolinium-containing chelates have potential as blood pool agents, caused by modifications of the surface (e.g., with polyethylene glycol) leading to longer blood retention times.
The incorporation of contrast agents into either the the bilayer membrane or the aqueous inner cavity is possible. These MRI contrast agents has been used to image the lymph nodes using liposomes containing Gd-DTPA as well as dextran coated iron oxide particles.
To image the liver or the hepatobiliary system, liposomes containing Gd-HPDO3A, or MnDPDP, have been tested.
Liposomes containing gadolinium were conjugated to antibodies and targeted to a specific organ system.
A method of targeting tumors with ultrasound that also uses MRI to watch the cell destroying, uses liposomes loaded with cytotoxic drugs and also with gadolinium to make them show up in MRI. As well as used as an imaging technique, ultrasound can also be used to destroy cancer cells. Once the drugs have been administered, focusing the ultrasound on the target area makes blood vessels permeable. The liposomes leak out of the blood vessel into the target area, watched by MRI, where the cytotoxic drug can then go to work.

See also Memosomes, Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide, Classifications, Characteristics, etc. and Mangafodipir Trisodium.
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Further Reading:
  Basics:
Novel Agent for Lymph Node Imaging and Targeted Gene Therapy
1997   by cbcrp.org.127.seekdotnet.com    
DELIVERY AND ACTIVATION OF CONTRAST AGENTS FOR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING(.pdf)
   by thesis.library.caltech.edu    
New MRI Contrast Agent Under Development
Friday, 16 January 2009   by www.medgadget.com    
New Method Combines MRI, HIFU, Temperature-Sensitive Liposomes for Chemo Delivery Directly to Tumor
Wednesday, 9 February 2011   by www.medgadget.com    
  News & More:
Specialized MRI sensor can detect light deep within tissues
Thursday, 22 December 2022
Multimodal Nanoparticles for Quantitative Imaging(.pdf)
Tuesday, 13 December 2011   by alexandria.tue.nl    
Molecular Magnetic Resonance Imaging(.pdf)
2005   by www.medical.siemens.com    
Searchterm 'Gd-DTPA' was also found in the following services: 
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MRI History
 
•
Sir Joseph Larmor (1857-1942) developed the equation that the angular frequency of precession of the nuclear spins being proportional to the strength of the magnetic field. [Larmor relationship]
•
In the 1930's, Isidor Isaac Rabi (Columbia University) succeeded in detecting and measuring single states of rotation of atoms and molecules, and in determining the mechanical and magnetic moments of the nuclei.
•
Felix Bloch (Stanford University) and Edward Purcell (Harvard University) developed instruments, which could measure the magnetic resonance in bulk material such as liquids and solids. (Both honored with the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1952.) [The birth of the NMR spectroscopy]
•
In the early 70's, Raymond Damadian (State University of New York) demonstrated with his NMR device, that there are different T1 relaxation times between normal and abnormal tissues of the same type, as well as between different types of normal tissues.
•
In 1973, Paul Lauterbur (State University of New York) described a new imaging technique that he termed Zeugmatography. By utilizing gradients in the magnetic field, this technique was able to produce a two-dimensional image (back-projection). (Through analysis of the characteristics of the emitted radio waves, their origin could be determined.) Peter Mansfield further developed the utilization of gradients in the magnetic field and the mathematically analysis of these signals for a more useful imaging technique. (Paul C Lauterbur and Peter Mansfield were awarded with the 2003 Nobel Prize in Medicine.)
•
In 1975, Richard Ernst introduced 2D NMR using phase and frequency encoding, and the Fourier Transform. Instead of Paul Lauterbur's back-projection, he timely switched magnetic field gradients ('NMR Fourier Zeugmatography'). [This basic reconstruction method is the basis of current MRI techniques.]
•
1977/78: First images could be presented. A cross section through a finger by Peter Mansfield and Andrew A. Maudsley. Peter Mansfield also could present the first image through the abdomen.
•
In 1977, Raymond Damadian completed (after 7 years) the first MR scanner (Indomitable). In 1978, he founded the FONAR Corporation, which manufactured the first commercial MRI scanner in 1980. Fonar went public in 1981.
•
1981: Schering submitted a patent application for Gd-DTPA dimeglumine.
•
1982: The first 'magnetization-transfer' imaging by Robert N. Muller.
•
In 1983, Toshiba obtained approval from the Ministry of Health and Welfare in Japan for the first commercial MRI system.
•
In 1984, FONAR Corporation receives FDA approval for its first MRI scanner.
•
1986: Jürgen Hennig, A. Nauerth, and Hartmut Friedburg (University of Freiburg) introduced RARE (rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement) imaging. Axel Haase, Jens Frahm, Dieter Matthaei, Wolfgang Haenicke, and Dietmar K. Merboldt (Max-Planck-Institute, Göttingen) developed the FLASH (fast low angle shot) sequence.
•
1988: Schering's MAGNEVIST gets its first approval by the FDA.
•
In 1991, fMRI was developed independently by the University of Minnesota's Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (CMRR) and Massachusetts General Hospital's (MGH) MR Center.
•
From 1992 to 1997 Fonar was paid for the infringement of it's patents from 'nearly every one of its competitors in the MRI industry including giant multi-nationals as Toshiba, Siemens, Shimadzu, Philips and GE'.
•
 
Images, Movies, Sliders:
 Cardiac Infarct Short Axis Cine Overview  Open this link in a new window
    

Courtesy of  Robert R. Edelman
 
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• View the NEWS results for 'MRI History' (1).Open this link in a new window.
 
Further Reading:
  Basics:
Magnetic Resonance Imaging, History & Introduction
2000   by www.cis.rit.edu    
A Short History of the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
   by www.teslasociety.com    
Fonar Our History
   by www.fonar.com    
  News & More:
Scientists win Nobels for work on MRI
Tuesday, 10 June 2003   by usatoday30.usatoday.com    
2001 Lemelson-MIT Lifetime Achievement Award Winner
   by web.mit.edu    
MRI's inside story
Thursday, 4 December 2003   by www.economist.com    
MRI Resources 
Contrast Agents - Fluorescence - Equipment - MRA - Cochlear Implant - Jobs pool
 
MetallofullerenesInfoSheet: - Contrast Agents - 
Intro, Overview, 
Characteristics, 
Types of, 
etc.
 
The paramagnetic water-soluble metallofullerenes (Gd-fullerenols), which have strong T1 shortening effect, can be used as a novel core material of MRI contrast agents. Gadolinium endohedral metallofullerenes have been synthesized as polyhydroxyl forms (Gd@C82(OH)n, Gd-fullerenes) with the evaluation of their paramagnetic properties. The modification to the water-soluble forms is essential for the biomedical application of the metallofullerenes. The in vitro water proton relaxivity, R1 (the effect on 1/T1), of Gd-fullerenes is significantly higher (20-folds) than that of commercial MRI contrast agents - e.g. Gd-DTPA.
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Further Reading:
  News & More:
A Single X-Ray Strike Is Enough to Destroy an Entire Molecule
Friday, 20 March 2020   by scitechdaily.com    
MRI Resources 
Guidance - Education pool - Societies - Open Directory Project - MRI Accidents - MRI Centers
 
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